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1953 Flint–Beecher tornado
The 1953 Flint-Beecher Tornado occurred on Monday, June 8, 1953 and ranks as one of the top ten single deadliest tornadoes in United States history. Rated as an F5 on the Fujita Scale, the tornado touched down in Genesee County, Michigan at 8:30 p.m. (01:30 UTC) and continued on a 27 mile (43 km) path causing 116 fatalities, 844 injuries and an estimated $19 million (1953 USD) in damage.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Detroit/Pontiac, MI )〕 Most of the casualties and damage occurred in the unincorporated community of Beecher, a suburb on the northern edge of the city of Flint, Michigan. The tornado was one of eight tornadoes that touched down the same day in eastern lower Michigan and northwest Ohio.〔 It was also part of the larger Flint–Worcester tornado outbreak of severe weather that began over Nebraska and Iowa, before moving east across the upper Great Lakes states and Ontario, and on to New York and New England causing more deadly tornadoes.
==Event==
Just prior to the tornado touching down eyewitness accounts recalled that an approaching thunderstorm with several intense lightning strikes turned the northwest sky a dark “black-yellow-green” color.〔()〕 The US Weather Bureau (predecessor of today's National Weather Service) observations that evening recorded a temperature of 78 °F (25.5 °C) with a dew point of 71 °F (21.6 °C) and a barometric pressure reading that fell to 28.89 inHg (inches of mercury) (978.32 mb).〔 Surface map analysis showed a frontal system associated with a strong low pressure moving west across lower Michigan.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Detroit/Pontiac, MI )〕 At 7:30pm (00:30 UTC) the Weather Bureau’s Severe Storms Unit issued a Severe Weather Bulletin alerting of the threat of hazardous weather for southeast lower Michigan.〔
At approximately 8:30 p.m. the tornado touched down in Mt. Morris Township north of Flushing near the intersection of Webster and Coldwater Roads. The first reported observation from the Weather Bureau’s Flint station came just minutes after the tornado touched down, "''…unconfirmed Tornado reported 2 mi N Flushing heading ENE possibly hitting Flint 2033 E.''”〔 It began to take a path directly east down the Coldwater Road corridor entering the residential neighborhoods of the Beecher district, a Flint suburb. Moving at approximately 35 mph (56.3 km/h) the tornado cut a path 833 yards (761.69 m) wide.〔 At a time before severe storm and tornado warnings the residents of Beecher had almost no advanced warning other than by sighting the tornado heading towards them. Victims recalled hearing the incredible roar from the tornado and seeing its black funnel before heading for shelter in home basements.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=People share their memories of the Beecher tornado )〕 The densely populated Beecher neighborhoods took a direct hit with several single family houses being completely destroyed. Witnesses recalled that the tornado’s massive funnel resembled black smoke and was accompanied by smaller multiple vortices.〔 Others reported seeing fireballs within the debris of the tornado.〔Keen, Richard A. Michigan Weather. 1993. American and World Geographic. ISBN 1560370467〕 Beecher High School was heavily damaged as it was also directly hit by the tornado. The tornado’s path also came close to the North Flint Drive-in theater. Patrons evacuated the drive-in in their vehicles. Some got into vehicle crashes in the ensuing panic to flee while others inadvertently drove into the path of the tornado after leaving the theater. The theater itself received only minor damage.〔〔http://www.fpl.info/gallery/beechertornado/accounts/rachor.shtml〕
After leaving Beecher the tornado took an east-northeast path following just south of the Flint River where it ravaged farms causing more casualties and destruction near the rural communities of Genesee, Richfield Center and Columbiaville.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Flint, MI Tornado, Jun 1953 )〕 The tornado stayed on the ground for and finally dissipated north of Lapeer near Five Lakes Road in Lapeer County’s Deerfield Township. Within minutes a second tornado formed near where the original Flint-Beecher Tornado left the ground. That tornado reached F4 wind speeds and continued east through rural farm lands in Lapeer and St. Clair Counties causing more injuries and damage before moving out over Lake Huron.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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